The Link Between Acne and IUDs
By: Shahara Lum
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have become a popular choice for birth control because they’re effective and easy to use. They provide long-term protection against pregnancy and require very little upkeep. However, many people worry about whether hormonal IUDs can cause or worsen acne.
Skin issues, especially acne, can be a common concern for those using various birth control methods. Some people say their IUD led to breakouts, while others report no changes in their skin at all. So, is there a real link between IUDs and acne, or is it just a coincidence?
Understanding IUDs
IUDs come in two main types: hormonal and non-hormonal. Each functions differently in the body, potentially impacting skin health in unique ways.
Hormonal IUDs
Hormonal IUDs like Mirena, Kyleena, Liletta, and Skyla work by releasing a synthetic version of progesterone called levonorgestrel. This hormone has a couple of key effects: it thickens the mucus in the cervix, which makes it harder for sperm to get to the egg, and it also thins out the lining of the uterus, making it less likely for a fertilized egg to implant. [1]
Additionally, these IUDs can also help regulate periods and reduce menstrual cramps for some users. They are a long-term contraceptive option, typically lasting between three to seven years, depending on the brand. Overall, hormonal IUDs are a popular choice for those looking for effective, hassle-free birth control. [1]
Copper IUD (Non-Hormonal)
The Paragard IUD is a type of birth control that doesn’t use hormones and is made with copper. Instead of releasing hormones like other IUDs, it works by triggering an inflammatory response in the uterus. This response makes it difficult for sperm to fertilize an egg, effectively preventing pregnancy. [2]
One of the benefits of Paragard is that because it’s hormone-free, it’s less likely to cause skin issues, which can sometimes happen with hormonal contraceptives. It can be a great option for those who prefer not to use hormones for various reasons, whether due to health concerns or personal preference. Plus, once it’s inserted by a healthcare provider, it can provide long-term protection for up to 10 years! [2]
Can Hormonal IUDs Cause Acne?
Hormonal IUDs work by releasing progestin, a hormone that affects your body’s hormonal balance. Unlike birth control pills that combine estrogen and progestin, IUDs only use progestin. Estrogen can actually help with acne because it lowers androgens — hormones like testosterone that increase oil production in the skin. [3]
Because hormonal IUDs lack estrogen, they might lead to higher androgen levels. This can stimulate your skin’s oil glands to produce more oil. When there’s too much oil, it can clog your pores, which can trigger acne breakouts, especially in areas like your jawline, chin, and cheeks — common spots for hormonal acne. [2]
It’s also worth noting that everyone’s body reacts differently to hormonal changes. Some people may not experience any acne issues while using a hormonal IUD, while others might see an increase in breakouts.
Is Acne a Common Side Effect of Hormonal IUDs?
Not everyone who gets a hormonal IUD experiences acne, but some people do notice breakouts, especially during the first few months after it’s inserted. This happens as your body adjusts to the hormonal changes caused by the IUD. It’s important to note that research on this topic is still somewhat limited, and everyone’s response can be different. [4]
A study published in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology found that IUDs releasing levonorgestrel might be linked to increased acne. However, the chances of this happening are generally lower compared to other forms of progestin-only birth control, such as the Depo-Provera shot. [4]
Does the Copper IUD Cause Acne?
The copper IUD, like Paragard, doesn’t have hormones in it, so it typically doesn’t cause acne directly. However, some people notice changes in their skin after getting the IUD, and this might be linked to other reasons instead of the IUD itself.
One possible reason for these skin changes is what’s known as post-birth control syndrome. This can happen when someone switches from hormonal birth control to a non-hormonal option like the copper IUD. During this transition, the body can go through some hormonal fluctuations as it adjusts, which could temporarily lead to breakouts or other skin issues.
Other Factors That Influence Acne While Using an IUD
Even if an IUD plays a role in acne, other contributing factors can worsen or mitigate breakouts.
1. Pre-existing Hormonal Conditions: People with PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) or other hormonal imbalances may experience acne due to underlying androgens, which a hormonal IUD could potentially exacerbate.
2. Skincare Routine & Lifestyle: Changes in skin health aren’t always caused by birth control alone. Factors like diet, stress, skincare habits, and genetics play a major role in acne development.
3. The Adjustment Period: Many people experience temporary breakouts when switching birth control methods. It may take three to six monthsfor hormone levels to stabilize, which can influence acne.
How to Manage Acne While Using an IUD
1. Maintain a Consistent Skincare Routine
• Use a gentle cleanser with salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide to keep pores clear.
• Apply non-comedogenic moisturizers to avoid excess oiliness.
• Consider using retinoids (under dermatological guidance) to promote skin cell turnover.
2. Balance Hormones Naturally
• Eating a diet rich in whole foods, fiber, and healthy fats can support hormonal balance.
• Avoid excessive dairy and refined sugars, which can trigger inflammation and worsen acne.
3. Consult a Dermatologist
If acne persists despite skincare and lifestyle adjustments, a dermatologist can recommend treatments such as:
• Prescription topical treatments (e.g., tretinoin, clindamycin).
• Oral medications (e.g., spironolactone, which reduces androgen effects).
The Verdict: Do IUDs Really Cause Acne?
The link between IUDs and acne isn’t straightforward. Hormonal IUDs can lead to breakouts for some people, mainly because of the progestin they contain. However, many individuals notice little to no change in their skin when using these IUDs. Interestingly, some might even find that their skin improves, especially if they had hormone-related acne before and the IUD helps to balance their hormones.
While some might deal with acne from their IUD, it can often be managed with a good skincare routine, a healthy diet, and lifestyle adjustments. If you find that your acne doesn’t improve or starts to get worse, it might be worth looking into other birth control methods. Remember, everyone’s body reacts differently, so finding what works for you is key!
[1] https://drzenovia.com/blogs/skin-journal/can-iuds-cause-acne
[2] https://www.healthline.com/health/birth-control/iud-acne
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